Metamaterials are not composed of a single substance, but are artificial composite structures or composite materials that have extraordinary physical properties that natural materials do not possess. Through the structural ordering design on the key physical dimensions of the material, the limitations of certain apparent natural laws are broken through, thereby obtaining extraordinary functions beyond the inherent nature of the natural world.
Conventional optical devices generally have lenses with a highly polished surface. The lenses are made of a transparent glass or plastic material and their ability to control light is limited by the properties of natural materials. New optical devices made of metamaterials do not have conventional lenses. They are more like a small blind, but their ability to control the direction of light far exceeds that of conventional lenses. Researchers made the materials used to make computer chips into thin brick shapes, and then etched metal elements on these thin bricks to form a grid pattern. The researchers said that there are infinite possibilities for the arrangement of metal elements, and their arrangement can be designed according to the desired optical properties.
Engineers at Duke University pointed out that although this progress is achieved at specific wavelengths of light, using the same principles to design and fabricate metamaterials can control most frequencies of light and can be designed based on the metamaterial structure. More advanced and sophisticated optical devices. The ability of humans to make optical devices limited by natural materials will disappear with the use of metamaterials. In the future, humans can handle light as they wish.
Although human understanding of light is far from satisfactory results, research and application of light have never stopped. Especially in recent decades, optical development has entered a new era with ever-changing changes. Optics has become a modern science and technology. One of the most active and cutting edge areas. Duke University’s new approach to using metamaterials opens the door to advanced optical new equipment. This method can be easily extended to a wide range of optical devices. These new devices will have a large number of new features and will be widely used in practice.
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance its taste, appearance, or other qualities. Some additives have been used for centuries; for example, preserving food by pickling (with vinegar), salting, as with bacon, preserving sweets or using sulfur dioxide as with wines. With the advent of processed foods in the second half of the twentieth century, many more additives have been introduced, of both natural and artificial origin.
Food additives can be divided into several groups, although there is some overlap because some additives exert more than one effect. For example, salt is both a preservative as well as a flavor.
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