1. Feed modulation Valley real class suitably pulverized feed is necessary, but too small harmful pulverized. It is advantageous to properly mix the water before feeding, but it is unfavorable to exceed a certain limit. Most feeds should be fed, and individual feeds are good for feeding.
(1) Feed crushing fineness: corn, sorghum, barley, wheat, rice and other grain feeds, all of which have a hard seed coat or a thick hull, which can be crushed or compressed before feeding to reduce the energy consumed by chewing. It is also conducive to digestion. The fineness of the pulverization can be classified into fine (having a diameter of 1.8 to 2.6 mm). Many tests and practices have proved that the fineness of the grain pulverization of corn and the like is preferably moderately pulverized with a particle diameter of 1.2 to 1.8 mm. The hog is refreshing to eat, with a large feed intake, fast weight gain and high feed utilization. The corn is smashed too fine and is harmful to the esophagus and gastric mucosa. For example, in a trial, pigs fed coarse-grain corn had 8% and 3% of pigs with gastric mucosal erosion and ulceration. Pigs fed moderately comminuted corn, pigs with gastric mucosal erosion and ulceration were 14% and 4%, respectively. For pigs fed finely ground corn, gastric mucosal erosion and ulceration were 46% and 15%, respectively. Corn is smashed too fine, which also reduces pig feed intake, weight gain and feed utilization. According to the test, pigs fed a fine powder mixed feed with a particle diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm were delayed by 15 days to reach the same slaughter weight than pigs fed a medium fine compound feed. In another test, pigs fed a compound feed with a particle diameter of 1.2 mm had a daily gain of 700 to 723 grams, while pigs fed a compound feed with a particle diameter of 1.6 mm had a daily gain of 758 to 780 grams. The crushing fineness of the grain feed can not be considered absolutely. When the diet contains more green roughage, the fine crushing of the grain does not affect the palatability and does not cause gastric ulcer. When the pigs are fed with barley and wheat, it is better to use a tableting machine to form a sheet than the pulverizing effect. Green-green feed, root tubers, silage and melon feed can be chopped or beaten and mixed with the concentrate to feed the pigs, which can reduce the damage, reduce chewing, reduce the volume and increase the feed intake. Beets must be smashed when the amount is large, and it is fine, otherwise it is easy to cause indigestion and diarrhea. Dry roughage should generally be crushed to be fine. Can reduce volume, improve palatability and increase feed intake.
(2) Feed feed and cooked feed: corn, sorghum, barley, wheat and other cereals will destroy vitamins and reduce the efficiency of amino acids. In the United States, the results of 26 systematic tests were summarized. Due to the damage of the cooking process and the destruction of nutrients, the feed utilization was reduced by 10% compared with the raw feed. Therefore, the grain feed and its processing by-products should be fed, not to cook mature porridge to feed the pigs. Raw feeding not only works well, but also saves pots, fuel and labor. All kinds of green grass and succulent feeds such as pasture, grass and wild vegetables, leaves, carrots, beets, cabbage, radishes, melons and aquatic plants should be smashed and beaten to feed. Cooking will destroy vitamins. Improper handling will also cause nitrite. Poisoned. Potato, sweet potato and its powder residue can be used to improve the utilization rate. Soybeans, broad beans are cooked or cooked and fed. Feeds containing harmful ingredients such as cottonseed cake, rapeseed cake, mildly degraded feed (containing fungi, mold), and leftovers, leftovers, and drowning in the cafeteria are cooked well, which can avoid or reduce the possibility of poisoning. In short, most of the feeds commonly used for feeding pigs should be crushed and prepared into full-price feeds for feeding, which not only has good feeding effect, but also reduces feeding costs. The old habit of traditional cooking to feed pigs should be changed. With good dry powder, without water, directly into the automatic feeding trough to feed pigs, saving labor and trouble. As long as sufficient drinking water is ensured, good results can be achieved by feeding the pigs with powder. The requirement for feeding dry powder is that the pig pen must be in a hard floor (cement or plank floor), otherwise the feed thrown to the outside will be damaged by the mud. In order to facilitate the feeding of the pigs, shorten the feeding time, and avoid the feed dust in the house, the dry powder can be mixed with water at a ratio of 1:0.5 or 1:1 to make a semi-dry powder or a wet powder, and feed it with a trough or Feed on the hard ground and give water. Material: When the proportion of water is increased to 1:1.5~2, it will become thick porridge or thin porridge, and it will not affect the feeding effect, but it must be fed with the trough, which is laborious and laborious. Do not mix too much water in the feed. When the ratio of material to water exceeds 1:2.5, the secretion of various digestive juices is reduced, the digestive juice is diluted, the activity of various digestive enzymes is reduced, and the digestion and absorption of the feed are affected. Excessive water content in the diet (more than 70% to 75%) also affects the utilization of feed nitrogen and the amount of body protein deposited. According to the test, when the moisture content of the diet increased to 83%, the nitrogen utilization rate decreased by 6.6%. Another test showed that the diet was mixed with water at a ratio of 1:1, and the amount of protein deposited per day in the pigs was 135.6 grams. When the diet was mixed with water 1:3, the amount of protein deposition per day was reduced to 121.3 g. Therefore, the habit of farming pigs to feed thinners should be changed. The ratio of feed 2 water is within 1:0.5-2, and the moisture content of the feed is preferably within 60%-70%. From the perspective of weight gain and feed utilization, pigs fed wet or semi-dry powders were superior to dry powders, and there was no difference in carcass quality.
(3) Granular materials and powder materials: Most of the test results show that the feed of pellets to pigs is better than that of dry powders, and the daily weight gain and feed utilization rate are increased by 8% to 10%. However, some tests have shown that the effect of feeding piglets on wet powder is not worse than that of pellets. The cost of the pellets is higher than that of the powder. The degree of pulverization of the grain in the pellets is finer than that of the dry powder. The particle diameter is 7 to 16 mm depending on the growth stage of the pig.
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