In our lives, we will inevitably encounter some emergencies. Earthquakes, fires, and injuries... The knowledge of emergency rescue can not only help us deal with it calmly, but it is more likely to be transformed into a “lifeguard†in an emergency. How to do emergency rescue under some common accidents.
First, the trauma first aid Injury first aid in principle is to first rescue, after the fixed, sent to the hospital, and pay attention to take measures to prevent injury or pollution. Those who need to be sent to hospital for treatment should immediately take measures to protect the wounded and send them to the hospital for treatment.
Before the rescue, the wounded person should be allowed to lie quietly and determine the general condition and degree of injury, such as whether there is bleeding, fracture and shock.
If external hemorrhage takes immediate hemostatic measures, prevent excessive blood loss and shock. Appearance without injury, but was in a state of shock, confusion, or coma, to consider the possibility of internal organs or brain injury in the chest and abdomen.
At the same time, to prevent wound infection, apply a clean cloth cover. Ambulance personnel must not touch the wound directly with their hands, and they must not fill anything in the wound or use drugs.
When carrying, the injured person should lie flat on the stretcher and the waist should be placed on a stretcher to prevent it from falling. When the wounded person is heading in the ground, the head is upstairs when going upstairs, downstairs, and downhill. During the transportation, the wounded should be closely observed to prevent sudden changes in the injury situation.
Second, to stop the bleeding 1, wound bleeding: slightly larger than the wound disinfection gauze cover the wound several layers, and then dressing. If there is still more oozing after dressing, additional bandages may be added for appropriate hemostasis.
2. When the wound bleeding is spouting or bright red, immediately use a clean finger to press the bleeding point (near the heart), so that the blood flow is interrupted and the bleeding limb is raised or raised to reduce the amount of bleeding.
3. When using a tourniquet or a better elastic band to stop the bleeding, use a soft cloth or a sleeve of the wounded person to place a few layers under the tourniquet, then fasten the tourniquet so that the arterial pulse disappears. degree. Every 60 minutes in the upper limbs, the lower limbs relax once every 80 minutes. Every time they relax for 1-2 minutes, the time for tightening and relaxation begins to be marked on the side of the tourniquet. Tightening time should not exceed four hours. Do not use a tourniquet in the upper arm and under the armpit so as not to damage the nerves. If you observe that there is no major bleeding when you relax, you can suspend use.
4. Falling, impacting, and squeezing may cause hemorrhage of the internal organs of the thorax and abdomen. The injured person has no bleeding on the outside but often has pale appearance, slight pulse, shortness of breath, cold sweat, chilly limbs, irritability, and even dejected shock state. He should quickly lie flat, raise the lower extremity, keep warm, and send it to the hospital quickly. Treatment. If you are on the way to hospital, you can give the injured a small amount of sugar and salt.
Third, the fire rescue knowledge First, we must clarify the definition of fire: fire refers to the loss of control of the combustion caused by time or space. Most fires are a social phenomenon. The main causes of fire can be summarized into three aspects. First, man-made unsafe behavior; second, material insecurity; third, defects in process technology. And people's unsafe behavior is the most important factor. ,
The basic method of fire extinguishing 1, the isolation method: the fire was removed, not contact with other items.
2. Asphyxiation method: Insulate the air from the fire, extinguish the fire with a dry powder fire extinguisher, sand, and wet quilts.
3, cooling method: water, fire extinguisher to cool the fire.
4. Alarm: Fire call 119. The alarm should report the street name of the location of the fire.
5, the fire based on the material combustion characteristics, can be divided into A, B, C, D, E five categories:
Class A fire: refers to a solid material fire. This material is often of an organic material nature and generally produces burning embers when burned. Such as wood, coal, cotton, wool, linen, paper and other fires.
Class B fires: Refers to liquid fires and meltable solid matter fires. Such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel, crude oil, methanol, ethanol, asphalt, paraffin and other fires.
Category C fire: refers to a gas fire. Such as gas, natural gas, methane, ethane, propane, hydrogen and other fires.
Class D fire: refers to a metal fire. Such as potassium, sodium, magnesium, aluminum-magnesium alloy and other fires.
Class E fire: refers to the fire of charged objects and precision instruments
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